![]() ![]() During his reign, relations with the Byzantine Empire soured because of his support for Patriarch Ignatios of Constantinople, who had been removed from his post in favor of Photius I. Despite pressure from the Carolingians, who laid siege to Rome, his decision held. When a council pronounced in favor of annulment, Nicholas I declared the council deposed, its messengers excommunicated, and its decisions invalid. Nicholas refused King Lothair II of Lotharingia's request for an annulment of his marriage to Teutberga. Nicholas I asserted that the pope should have suzerainty over all Christians, even royalty, in matters of faith and morals. He is remembered as a consolidator of papal authority, exerting decisive influence on the historical development of the papacy and its position among the Christian nations of Western Europe. 800 – 13 November 867), called Nicholas the Great, was the bishop of Rome and ruler of the Papal States from 24 April 858 until his death. ![]()
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